河流形态的分维及与洪水关系的探讨——以长江中下游为例

River fractal dimension and the relationship between river fractal dimension and river flood:Case study in the middle and lower course of the Yangtze River

河流水系形态特征可以通过河流的分形特征来反映,分形维数则是河流分形特征的量化表示,其与河流洪水之间存在着一定的关系。以长江中下游为例,利用网格覆盖法计算出长江中下游河流分维,分析了长江中下游河流的分形特性,并在此基础上结合长江中下游洪水分析不同水系特征下洪水的特点。研究结果表明,一般来说河道分维越大、河网分维越小,洪水发生可能性则越高。

The river fractal features can reflect the features of river systems, and the fractal dimension is an important variable that can reflect the fractal features. So there is certain relation between the river fractal dimensions and the river floods. By taking the middle and lower courses of the Yangtze River as an example, this paper calculates its fractal dimensions and analyzes its fractal features by grid-covered analysis, and tries to indicate the relationship between the river fractal dimensions and the river floods through the analysis. The results show that, the higher the river course fractal dimension, the lower the river network fractal dimension, the higher the possibility that flood-happens.