为了共生的理想:促进儿童道德文化建设论

On the Construction of a Cultural Context for Promoting Child Moral Education

全球化时代儿童的道德境遇处于空前的危急之中。我们应在理解道德本性的基础上,将儿童道德文化建设必须达成的伦理道德目标依次第分为公德伦理、美德伦理和圣德伦理三个领域。这些伦理价值,儿童虽都不是现成地加以接受的,但其道德的形成和发展是有迹可寻的。由于儿童天生的脆弱和发展的无限可能性,决定了他们的道德是需要并且是可以教育的。教育的使命就是根据儿童的生命本性为儿童营造优化的文化情境。这种文化情境熔铸了人类道德文化的神圣律令,富于深刻的人性精神和人文意蕴,儿童通过活动与之相互作用并达到心灵契合,从而全面确证道德学习和成长是儿童个体的道德潜能实现的过程,是伸展儿童自我道德生命力量的过程。

Child Moral Education is faced with an unprecedented crisis in the times of globalization. This makes it necessary that the nature of morality be understood, and that based on the understanding, three categories of ethics be recognized as the successive targets of the cultural context construction, namely the ethics of public morality, of virtue and of sacredness. Children do not accept these ethic values automatically, but the route of their moral shaping and growth can be traced. The intrinsic weakness they have in them makes moral education a must and the unlimited potential of their development makes it a feasibility. The task of education is to build up, in a manner appropriate to the nature of children's life an optimal cultural context. This context should be structured with man's cultural and moral codes and be rich in humanistic spirit and cultural ambience. By living in and interacting with such a context so as to achieve psychological harmony, children can confirm in an all-round way that moral learning and growth is a process in which the moral potential of a child as an individual is put into practice and the power of his moral life extended.