“来着”的发展与主观化

The development of Chinese particle laizhe(来着) and subjectivisation

本文通过对历史语料的定量考察,发现"来着"发展过程中的一些现象和规律可以从语法化和主观化的角度得到较好的解释。"来着"小句由表过去时间到不表过去时间,在指称过去时间方面,越来越突出最近的过去。"来着"的各类现时相关性从共时上看大致反映了主观性的高低,从历时上看则是主观化的结果。文章把"来着"分为四类,细致地考察它们的发展过程。

This paper investigates the usage of laizhe(来着)from its occurences in Qing Dynasty up to now,and finds that its development can be well explained from the perspective of grammaticalization and subjectivisation.The sentences referring to the present time with laizhe(来着) developed from one referring to the past time.The sentences with laizhe(来着)have six kinds of current relevance different in subjectivity.With the criteria of whether referring to past time and of whether implicating speaker's having forgotten something,the paper divides the steps of grammaticalization in laizhe(来着)into four stages.