Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理水平及其相关因素的研究

Study on Self-care Level of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Analysis of Related Factors

目的研究Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理水平及其相关因素。方法采用自我管理量表和基本资料问卷,对198例门诊患者作一般资料、疾病资料、自我管理水平的调查。结果从198例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的自我管理总分来看,水平良好26%(51/198),一般69%(97/198),差25%(50/198);而从自我管理单项分值来看,良好的人数均在≤15%,中等水平则集中在饮食、药物、低血糖管理,管理水平差主要反映在运动、血糖监测、糖尿病足,总的来说,糖尿病患者自我管理水平较差。Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的自我管理能力与年龄、职业、文化程度、病程长短、经济状况、接受健康教育情况等因素有关。结论Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理水平总体偏低,并受诸多因素的影响,积极开展自我管理教育,充分地调动患者的主观能动性,让患者承担起管理自身疾病的责任和任务,提高治疗效果。

Objective To study the self-care level of patients with type 2 diabetes and discuss its related factors.Methods 198 outpatients with diabetes mellitus were evaluated by the self-care measuring scale and basic information questionnaire.Results The self-care scores in patients with type 2 diabetes were significantly low.The self-care level in these patients were correlated with age,vocation,education degree,duration of illness,presence or absence of health-education and economic status.Conclusion Diabetic patients had low self-care level,which is affected by a wide range of influential factors.While patients are receiving medical treatment,nurses should actively develop self-care education,raise their subjective motility,make them assume the responsibility of self-care so as to raise therapeutic efficacy.