面神经失神经支配面肌间酶活性差异的实验研究

Experimental study of enzyme activity differences of facial muscles after facial nerve denervation

目的:观察豚鼠面神经失神经支配眼轮匝肌(眼肌)和口轮匝肌(口肌)有氧代谢能力、神经递质传递及运动终板变化的差异,为判定面瘫程度的“局部评价系统”提供科学依据。方法:制造颞骨内面瘫模型分为压榨面神经15s组、30s组,再分为观察1周组、1月组。应用光学显微镜及计算机图像分析技术,观察面神经失神经支配后各组间眼肌和口肌琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)活性变化的差异。结果:正常组眼肌SDH、AchE酶活性比口肌高(P<0.01);15s1周组、30s1周组、30s1月组眼肌SDH、AchE酶活性损失程度均比口肌大(P<0.01)。结论:眼肌和口肌具有SDH、AchE酶活性不同的组织学特点,又具有面神经失神经支配眼肌SDH、AchE酶活性损失程度比口肌大的特点,这些特点支持了面瘫程度判定的“局部评价系统”的合理性。

Objective: To observe the differences of aerobic metabolism, neurotransmitter conduction and motor end-plate variations in orbicularis oculi muscle and orbicularis oris muscle of guinea pigs after facial nerve denervation, and provide scientific evidences of “regional evaluation system' for facial paralysis level judgement. Methods: Facial paralysis models in temporal bone were made. Facial nerves were compressed for 15 seconds or 30 seconds. Then they were observed one week or one month. Optic microscope and computer image analysis technique were applied to observe the activity differences of SDH and AchE of orbicularis oculi and oris muscle after facial nerve denervation. Results:In normal group, the enzyme activity of SDH and AchE of orbicularis oculi muscle was higher than that of orbicularis oris muscle(P<0.01). The enzyme activity loss of orbicularis oculi muscle was more than that of orbicularis oris muscle in 15 s 1 week group, 30 s 1 week group and 30 s 1 month group(P<0.01). Conclusions:The enzyme activity of SDH and AchE of orbicularis oculi muscle and orbicularis oris muscle are different. The enzyme activity loss of orbicularis oculi muscle is more than that of orbicularis oris muscle after facial nerve denervation. This peculiarity supports the rationality of “regional evaluation system” for facial paralysis level judgement.