青藏高原东北缘海原弧形构造区地壳电性结构探测研究

CRUSTAL ELECTRIC STRUCTURE OF HAIYUAN ARCUATE TECTONIC REGION IN THE NORTHEASTERN MARGIN OF QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU, CHINA

对青藏高原东北缘海原弧形构造区(105°～107°E,36°～37.5°N)的5条大地电磁测深剖面进行处理分析和二维反演,得到研究区内东西宽约160km、深约60km范围的地壳电性细结构.结果表明:研究区呈现南西—北东的带状分布特征.由南西—北东可分为6个电性区块,依次为西吉盆地(Ⅰ)、西、南华山隆起(Ⅱ)、兴仁堡-海原盆地(Ⅲ)、中卫-清水河盆地(Ⅳ)、中宁-红寺堡盆地(Ⅴ)和鄂尔多斯西缘带(Ⅵ).各区块在平面上呈北西撒开、南东收缩的“扫帚状”形态;弧形构造区弧顶附近构造完整、规模大,自弧顶向北西、南东两端构造规模逐渐减小.地表到深度10km左右,西、南华山隆起和鄂尔多斯西缘带呈高阻特性,西吉、兴仁堡-海原、中卫—清水河和中宁-红寺堡4个盆地的电阻率较低且呈盆地凹陷形状.其中兴仁堡-海原盆地电性基底最深,显示为南西深北东浅的“簸箕状”起伏形态.研究区发育不连续的壳内低阻带,与该区中、强震活动密切相关.1920年海原大震区存在明显的电性结构差异,震区南西侧和上部区域为相对高阻,北东侧和下部区域为相对低阻.

Through the analysis and 2-D inversion for the 5 profiles in Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region (105°~107°E, 36°~37.5°N) in the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, we have obtained the electric structure within a range of 160 km in width (east-west) and 60 km in depth in the studied area. The results show that the crustal elec- tric structure can be divided into 6 sections, corresponding respectively to Xiji basin (I), Xihuashan-Nanhuashan uplift (II), Xingrenbu-Haiyuan basin (III), Zhongwei-Qingshuihe basin (IV), Zhongning-Hongsibu basin (V) and west-margin zone of Ordos (VI) from the southwest to the northeast. The crustal electric structure is characterized by a broom-shaped pattern, which scatters to the northwest and shrinks to the southeast. The structures in the top part of Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region are complete and large, however, they diminish from the arc top to the northwest and southeast ends. In the depth from 0 km to 10 km, the resistivity is high in the sections II and VI, but relatively low in the other four sections, showing a similar pattern of basin depression. The electrical basement in the section III is the deepest, displaying a ″dustpan″ shape that is deep in the southwest and shallow in the north- east. A series of discontinuous zones with high conductivity exist in the middle-lower crust in Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region, which is possibly related to the moderate and strong earthquakes in the region. The resistivity dis- tribution in the focal area of the 1920 Haiyuan earthquake is significantly heterogeneous with an obviously high conductivity zone near the hypocenter regime.