乳腺肿物触诊径与超声径比值的临床意义

Clinical Significance of the Ratio for Diameter of Breast Masses Assessed by Palpation to That by Ultrasonography

分析１０６例乳腺肿物的触诊径、超声径与病理径的关系，提出了肿物触诊径与超声径比值（Ｐ／Ｕ）这一鉴别诊断方法。结果表明：肿物触诊径、超声径均与病理径呈正相关，其中超声径与病理径的相关系数高，剩余标准差小，因此超声测量更能反映肿物的真实大小。Ｐ／Ｕ比值反映了癌肿向周围组织的浸润倾向，恶性肿瘤Ｐ／Ｕ比值为１．４８±０．４１，良性肿物Ｐ／Ｕ比值为１．０４±０．１３，恶性者大于良性，二者有显著性统计学差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）。该比值有助于乳腺肿物良、恶性的鉴别，且不受肿物大小的影响，对小于２ｃｍ的肿物仍有鉴别诊断价值。

One hundred and six patients with palpable breast masses were studied by ultrosonography, and all were proved by pathology. Palpable and sonographic measurements were correlated with that obtained by pathologic examination. The reasults showed that: sonographic measurement showed the higher correlation coefficient (r=0. 88) with the lower residual standard deviation calculated in relation to the regression line. So the sonographic size was proved to be closer to the real size of the mass. Furthermore, the ratio of P/U were calculated. The mean value of P/U of breast carcinomas was 1. 48±0. 41, which was greater than that of benign lesiois (1. 04 ±0. 13). This difference was statistically significant. By this method ,it was possible to distinguish breast cancer from benign lesion even when the diameter of breast mass was less than 2cm. This ratio has the advantage of being calculated easily and expressed objectively. It seems to be an useful method in differential diagnosis of breast masses.