广西黑衣壮族人群高血压患病率调查

Study on the prevalence rate of hypertension in Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang population

目的了解广西黑衣壮族人群高血压的患病情况及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样方法对1068名≥20岁黑衣壮族人群的血压、身高、体重、体重指数、血脂及载脂蛋白进行测定,并将其结果与933名当地的汉族人群作比较。结果广西黑衣壮族人群高血压的患病率为25.2%,而当地的汉族人群为17.3%(P<0.001);黑衣壮族人群单纯收缩期高血压的患病率也明显高于汉族人群(12.5%vs.3.9%,P<0.001);黑衣壮族人群平均收缩压和脉压水平也显著高于汉族人群(分别为125.20mmHg±18.62mmHgvs.121.88mmHg±15.99mmHg,P<0.001和48.64mmHg±14.75mmHgvs.44.98mmHg±11.12mmHg,P<0.001;1mmHg=0.133kPa)。黑衣壮族人群高血压患病率与甘油三酯、性别和年龄呈显著正相关;而汉族人群高血压患病率则与总胆固醇、性别、年龄和饮酒呈显著正相关。黑衣壮族和汉族人群高血压的知晓率为8.6%vs.21.1%(P<0.001),治疗率4.5%vs.15.5%(P<0.001),控制率1.9%vs.10.6%(P<0.001)。结论广西黑衣壮族人群高血压患病率显著高于汉族人群,可能与其特殊的地理环境、生活方式、过多钠盐的摄入、低文化程度以及遗传因素等有关。高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低,必须采取干预措施。

Objective To study the prevalence rate of hypertension and the risk factors in Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang population. Methods A total of 1068 people of Hei Yi Zhuang nationality aged 20 and over were surveyed. Blood pressure,height,weight,serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels were measured,and both body surface areas and body mass index were calculated. Results were compared with those in 933 people of Han nationality living in the same district. Results The prevalence rates of hypertension in Hei Yi Zhuang population were significantly higher than that in Han population ( 25.2 % vs . 17.3 %, P < 0.001 ),as well as the isolated systolic hypertension ( 12.5 % vs . 3.9 %, P < 0.001 ). The mean levels of systolic pressure and pulse pressure in Hei Yi Zhuang population were significantly higher than those in Han population ( 125.20± 18.62 vs. 121.88± 15.99 mm Hg, P < 0.001 and 48.64± 14.75 vs. 44.98± 11.12 mm Hg , P < 0.001 ; respectively).The prevalence rate of hypertension in Hei Yi Zhuang population was positively correlated with triglyceride,sex and age whereas the prevalence rate of hypertension in Han population was positively correlated with total cholesterol,sex,age,and alcohol consumption. Rates of awareness on hypertension in Hei Yi Zhuang and Han population were 8.6 % vs . 21.1 % ( P < 0.001 ),patients with treatment rate of established hypertension were 4.5 % vs . 15.5 % ( P < 0.001 ) with the control rates as 1.9 % vs . 10.6 % ( P < 0.001 ). Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension in Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang population was significantly higher than that in Han ethnic group. The causes of high prevalence rate of hypertension might be ascribed to special geographical surroundings,unhealthy life style,high sodium intake,low education,and possibly genetic factors. The rates on awareness,treatment and control of hypertension were still under satisfaction.