我国某海域海鱼中二噁英污染分析

Levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzo-furans in sea fish samples in some sea areas in China

目的对我国某海域20个海鱼样品进行了二噁英污染状况的定量分析检测,并对该地区人群从鱼获得的膳食暴露进行了初步评估。方法2003年6月至12月采集海水养殖鱼7类,20个样品。采用索式抽提装置、FMS专用净化装置对样品进行提取、纯化和富集,采用国际权威标准方法高分辨气相色谱/高分辨双聚焦磁式质谱联用(HRGC/HRMS)技术,以HRGC/HRMS多离子检测方式分析了样品中的17种氯化二苯并二噁英和氯化二苯并呋喃(PCDD和PCDF)化合物的含量,用放射性核素稀释技术定量。结果质控样品对方法的验证结果在国际认可的范围内,3次检测数据的相对标准偏差<15%。20个海鱼样品的总PCDD/PCDF平均含量以湿重计是1.48ng/kg,范围分布在0.21～8.10ng/kg湿重,以世界卫生组织毒性当量因子(WHOTEF)计,样品总毒性当量浓度(WHOTEQ)分布于0.030～1.291ng/kg湿重之间,平均总的毒性当量浓度是0.292ng/kg。以该TEQ值进行估算,该地区人群由鱼引起的二噁英污染暴露量估计为每日每公斤体重0.58pgWHOTEQ。结论不同样品间二噁英污染水平相差很大,人群由鱼引起的二噁英暴露量虽然低于世界卫生组织的标准,但若考虑人体多渠道摄入的食品,说明我国二噁英的污染现状不容忽视。

Objective To analyse the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzo-furans (PCDD/Fs) in sea fish samples in some sea area in China surveyed byusing isotope dilution HRGC/HRMS and was evaluated the local people with PCDD/Fs exposure from eating fish.Methods Seven different kinds of fish and twenty fishes were sampled totally. Dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzo-furans were extracted from fish samples by Soxhlet extraction, concentrated and purified by FMS column chromatograph and enriched by carbon column. Confirmation and quantitative analysis at ng/kg level of PCDD/Fs was performed by HRGC/HRMS using multiple ion detection mode(MID).Results Carp-2 was the certified reference material obtained from the NRC Institute of Canada. The concentration of 9 compounds was consistent with the certified value, and precision was evaluated in this study. The relative standard deviation was less than 15 percent for three times determination. The average concentration of 20 sea fishes was 1.48 ng /kg wet weight, the range was in 0.21-8.10 ng /kg wet weight, and the average total toxicity equivalency factor (TEQ) was 0.292 ng TEQ/kg(wet weight basis) and the range was 0.030-1.291 ng TEQ/kg for these 20 fishes. The evaluation exposure from fish for local people was 0.58 pg WHO-TEQ/kg BW·day.Conclusion The levels of PCDD/Fs was different from sample to sample, and the exposure from fish be less than WHO tolerance limit standard, however, the status for PCDD/Fs pollution should not be ignored especially when having an intake of multi-food.