北京儿童医院住院患儿传染病、内科疾病30年来的变化

THE CHANGING DISEASE PATTERNS OFCHILDREN ADMITTED TO BEIJINGCHILDREN'S HOSPITAL DURING THEPAST 32 YEARS 1960～1992)

对我院１９６０～１９９２年共３０年来因患传染病、内科疾病住院患儿资料进行了统计分析，揭示了我院住院患儿疾病谱和死亡图象变化。结果表明，传染病的构成比由２１．４０％降至１７．２３％，其中细菌性痢疾、麻疹、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、流行性乙型脑炎等逐年段下降，仅病毒性肝炎、流行性腮腺炎明显上升；内科疾病构成比由５４．６０％降至３８．４０％，其中感染性疾病、营养缺乏病逐年段下降，而肿瘤与白血病、结缔组织病、心血管病、神经系统疾病、先天畸形、内分泌病却显著上升；传染病总病死率由９．００％降至１．１２％，内科疾病总病死率由５．７０％降至１．４８％。提示北京地区的计划免疫和卫生保健工作有了长足的进步，并取得了显著成绩。

The data of the infecuous and internal diseases ofthe patients hospitalized in BCH during the past 32 years(1960～1992) were analyzed. The results showed : theinfectious diseases of inpatients declined frorn 21. 40%to 17. 23%. Among the infectious diseases, the ratio ofshigellosis, measles, meningoccal meningitis, Japaneseencephalitis decreased, while the ratio of viral hepatrtisand mumps increased dramatically. The constituents ofinternal diseases declined from 54. 60% to 38. 40%.The disease ratio of contituents which showed tendencyof decline were infectious diseases and nutrrtional defi-ciency, while the disease ratio of constrtuents whichshowed tendency of increase dramatically were tumorand leukemia , connective tissue diseases, cardiovasculardiseases , neurologic diseases , congenital malformations .and endocrine diseases. The total mortahty of infectiousdiseases declined from 9% to 1. 12% and the total mor-tality of internal diseases declined from 5. 70% to1. 48%.