上海市杨浦、徐汇区小儿先天性心脏病发病率及其特点

THE INCIDENCE AND ITS CHARACTERIS-TICS OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASEIN YANGPU AND XUHUI DISTRICTS OFSHANGHAI

为取得上海地区代表性的小儿先天性心脏病（简称先心病）发病率，对杨浦区、徐汇区在１年内出生的全部活产婴儿２００８２名进行前瞻性调查１～３年。按统一调查内容和要求对每个小儿在１岁内筛查６次，体检不少于１次。杨浦区对本区的调查对象在２岁及３岁时再筛查１次，对可疑者作心电图、胸部Ｘ线、二维或多普勒超声心动图检查，必要时作心导管、选择性心血管造影确诊，部分病例由尸检和手术证实。检得先心病１３８例，发病率为６．８７‰，与国外相似。非青紫型１０８例，占７８．３％；青紫型３０例，占２１．７％。其中室间隔缺损（简称室缺）７８例，达５６．５％，占第１位，明显高于国外的有关报道。左心病变３例，占２．２％，明显低于欧美。此调查为今后先心病的防治提供确切的资料。

n a 1～3-year-prospective study,we made a survey of 20 082 live births born in Yangpu and Xuhuidistricts of Shanghai,in which 138 cases were diag-nosed as having congenital heart diseases with the inci-dence of 6.87‰,similar to the data from abroad.Ahundred and eight cases were of acyanotic type,ac-counting for 78.3%of all cases with congenital heartdiseases and 30 of cyanotic type(21.7%of all cases)。Seventy-eight cases(56.5%)had ventricular septaldefect. the incidence of which ranked at the firstplace,and its morbidity was higher than that of for-eign data. Eleven cases(8%)had atrial septal defect,with the second place of incidence and 10 cases(7.2%)with patent ductus arteriosus,with the thirdplace of incidence,which is similar to foreign data. Inour series there were 2 cases(1.5%)with aorticstenosis,1 case(0.7%)with coarctation of the aorta,and no case with hypoplastic left-heart syndrome. Themorbidities of these diseases were markedly lower thanthose in European and North American countries。