喉鳞癌P_（53）基因突变与癌恶性度的关系

Relationship Between Mutation of P_(53) Gene and Malignant Level of Squamous Carcinoma in Larynx

应用结合聚合酶链反应的单链多态性分析（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）及ＤＮＡ序列分析（ＰＣＲ－ＤＮＡＳｅｑｕｅｎｃｉｎｇ）方法，检测６０例喉鳞癌石蜡包埋组织中Ｐ＿（５３）基因第５～第８外显子的突变。发现１９例发生Ｐ＿（５３）基因的点突变或碱基缺失，均引起氨基酸改变；临床ＩＩＩ、ＩＶ期的突变检出率为５０％，远高于Ｉ、ＩＩ期检出率（１２．５％、２２．２％）低分化癌突变检出率为６６．６％，高于中、高分化癌（４０．９％、１３．８％）。结果说明，Ｐ＿（５３）基因突变与喉鳞癌恶性度密切相关。应用上述敏感快速的方法检测Ｐ＿（５３）基因突变对判断喉癌恶性度及估计预后有参考意义。

By using PCR-SSCP and PCR-DNA sequencing method,60 specimens of laryngeal car-cinoma which were embedded in paraffin were detected for the mutations of P_(53)gene(exon 5-8).Thepoint mutation and deletion which cause the change of amino acid were found in 19 cases.The mutationrate of patient with clinical IIl and IV stages was 50%, which was far higher than that of patient withclinical I and II stages. The mutation rate of poor differentiated carcinoma was 66.6%,which was high-er than that of well differentiated carcinoma. These results indicate that the mutation of P_(53) gene isclosely related with the malignant level of larynx carcinoma . Detection of P_(53) gene mutation using abovesensitive and rapid method reveals practical significance for judging malignant level and evaluating prog-nosis of laryngeal carcinorna.