马克思与米尔恩关于人权主体的分歧

Discussion about the Divergences of the Opinions of Karl Marx and Milne on the Main Body of Human Rights

文章着重讨论马克思与米尔恩关于人权主体的分歧.米尔恩质疑以《世界人权宣言》为代表的主流人权理论.他认为,人权不是政治权利,而是最低限度的普遍道德权利.这种权利才是严格意义上的人权.它们是人仅凭其为人就可以享有的.而马克思则质疑各种各样的人权理想.他认为,各种人权理想都无非是适应自由竞争社会要求的产物.在这样的社会里,主体的利己性、物欲得到了淋漓尽致的张扬。物实现了对人的完全统治,货币已经成了世俗社会的上帝,人们根本上不可能仅凭其为人就享有人权,人权从实质上说是资本的特权.

This article discusses the divergences of the opinions of Karl Marx and Milne on the main body of human rights. Milne queried the main theory of human rights that was representative of Universal Declaration of Human Rights. He considered that the human rights were not political rights but universal minimum moral rights. These rights were just proper human rights. Everybody shared it only because he or she is a human being. But Marx questioned all kinds of the ideals of human rights. He considered that all the ideals of human rights were no more than the outcome beings of meeting the requirements of the freely competitive society. In this society, the characteristic of self-regard of human is exhibited thoroughly. The matter completely governs the persons. Money has become the heaven in society. People radically can't share it only because he or she is a human being. Substantively, human rights are the privileges of the capital.