伸直外展位固定对幼猪股骨头发育的影响

The Effect of Extreme Abduction Position ofPorcine Legs on the Growth of Femoral Heads

股骨头缺血坏死是先天性髋脱位治疗后的严重并发症之一。为避免或减少其发生，有必要对其发生及病理改变进行深入的研究。本实验通过模拟先天性髋脱位的治疗过程，将幼猪双后肢固定于极度外展位，观察固定后不同时期股骨头在血运、解剖、组织学及超微结构方面发生的变化。得出极端外展位可以干扰股骨近瑞血运，增加髋臼与股骨头之间的压力。可导致股骨头发生缺血改变的结论，为研究先天性髋脱位治疗后股骨头缺血坏死提供了有价值的客观依据。

Abstract Twenty-eight pigs aging from 8～45 days wereused in this study. Their legs were fixed in extremeabduction position imitating the treatment of congeni-tal disiocation of the hip in infants. During the experi-mental period, changes were seen in the femoral headsin gross anatomical, angiographical, histological aswell as in ultrastructural examinations. These changesindicated that the extreme abduction position disturbedthe vascularity of the proximal end of the femur andenhancad the pressure between the acetabulum and thefemoral heads.The findings of this study provided areference for the early diagnosis of avascular necrosisof the femoral heads during the treatment of congenitaldislocation ot the hip in chilidren.