中山一桥模型试验及理论分析

Model test of the first Zhongshan Bridge and theoretical analysis

中山一桥是一座由中拱、边拱、座拱5片拱肋组合而成的变异自平衡无推力系杆拱钢桥,其造型新颖独特、受力复杂,为研究其力学行为,进行了缩尺模型试验。详细介绍了中山一桥模型试验的目的、模型设计原则、测试工况、加载方案以及应变和变形测点布置情况等,并给出了几个主要荷载工况的试验数据;同时还建立了空间板壳有限元模型,指导试验加载。通过试验数据与理论数据的比较,可以看出两者比较接近,从而从试验和理论两方面证明了该桥设计是合理、安全的。

The first Zhongshan Bridge is a self-balanced, thrustless variant steel tied-arch bridge composed of central arch, side arch and seat arch. The bridge is novelty and unique, and in order to study its mechanical behavior, scale model is tested. Testing purpose, model design principle, testing case, loading program, strain and deformation test point arrangement of the first Zhongshan Bridge test model are introduced in detail. Furthermore, the test data of main loading case is listed. Spatial shell finite element bridge model is established to guide loading in test. By comparison of the test data with the theoretical data, the two kinds of values are found quite agreeable, and the structural details of the bridge design are thus proved to be reasonable and safe. Furthermore, some valuable conclusions are drawn.