双侧小关节分级切除对腰椎稳定性影响的三维运动研究

The Effect of Graded Facetectomy on Lumbar spinal Stabiliata Three-Dimensional Mobile Evaluation

采用８具新鲜尸体腰椎功能单位，通过脊柱三维运动实验机施加最大载荷为１０．０Ｎ·ｍ的６种力偶，使脊柱产生前屈、后伸，左、右侧弯和左、右轴向旋转运动。经立体摄像计算机图像处理得到Ｌ＿（１－２）节段的运动范围（ＲＯＭ），中性区（ＮＺ）和弹性区（ＥＺ）等参数。首先对完整标本进行测量，测得的结果为自身对照组，然后在Ｌ＿（１－２）节段依次切除双侧小关节１／３、１／２和３／３。根据节段间的运动变化，定量地分析小关节切除对腰椎三维运动的影响。结果表明：（１）双侧小关节切除１／３不影响脊柱的稳定；（２）切除１／２和３／３后运动范围明显增加，脊柱失稳。

AbstractThe experiment was carried out with 8 fresh ca-daver lumbar spine specimens being used as functionalunits。Athree,dimensional movement device,with themaximum loading of 10.0N,m to produce six kinds ofpure moment of force and to create six kinds of move-ment of the lumbar spine in flexion,extension,leftand right lateral bendings,and left and right axial ro-tations。The range of movement(ROM),neutral zone(NZ)and elastic zone(EZ)of the lumbar 1-2 segmentwere determined using stereophotogrammetric meth-ods,The measurements were at first done on the in-tact lumbar spinal segments and the data obtainedwere used as self-control study,1/3,1/2,and 3/3 ofthe facets in the lumbar 1-2 segments were resected。Three-dimentional quantitative evaluation in analysisof the effect of graded facetectomy on the mobility ofthe lumbar spinal segments was performed.The re-sults revealed that:(1)the range of motion was notaffected by 1/3 facetectomy;(2)ROM increased afterbilateral medial and total facetectomy,and this madethe lumbar spine unstable.