李商隐和黄庭坚用典论

On Allusions in Li Shangyin's and Huang Tingjian's Poems

李商隐和黄庭坚都是备受青睐的用典名家，或好以典渲情，死典活用；或喜以典达意，翻案原典。用典方式的不同，造成李商隐的诗歌“文浮于意，华而不实”，黄庭坚的诗歌意思着实，雅而博奥。好用典故，既使其诗名炽盛，又使他们累遭抨击。

Li Shangyin and Huang Tingjian are the famous poets in terms of applying allusions. The former usually takes advantage of allusions to heighten certain atmosphere , and even applies it in a flexible way. The latter mainly makes use of allusions to convey ideas, and even reverse the meaning of allusions. The different way of utilizing allusions cause that Li Shangyin's poems seem 'flashy and without substance' and Huang Tingjian's poems erudite. Because of large-scale use of allusions, they not only gain far-flung fame, but also are strongly criticized.