古典文体的现代命运——以20世纪赋体文学观念及创作为中心的思考

A Classical Genre in Modern Times:Fu and Its Literary Fate in the 20th Century

赋是一种极有开放性和包容性的文体,这一特性使其发展由穷极变化而至丧失自我。20世纪新的文化和文学语境,塑造了新的赋体观念,也影响了赋体创作。有人认为赋是陈腐的帮闲文学,应当遗弃;有人则取其长于歌颂和体物抒情的特性,移植于白话诗歌散文的创作中;也有人试图恢复赋体的文言创作传统。但赋体所面临的文体和语体的尴尬,仍然十分突出,有待解决。

Fu, a descriptive prose interspersed with verse, is known for its inclusiveness and adaptability, which activated the genre to the extreme changes and brought forth the loss of its originality as a consequence. The writers in the 20th century were affected by their new literary conception of Fu. Some abandoned it as a decayed poetic form for literal hacks; some accepted it because of its being good at praise and emotional expression, trying to employ it in vernacular poetic creation; and others tried to go back to its classical tradition. The difficult situation that Fu faces in the 20th century's writing forms and styles is prominent and worth considering.