院前急救患者流行病学研究

Epidemiological Study on First Aid Patients

目的分析院前急救患者性别、年龄、病种、出诊时间、地点等资料的流行病学特点,合理安排院前急救班次,使有限的护士人力资源发挥最大效益。方法分别对我院2002年1月～2003年12月紧急出诊出车抢救的全部院前急救患者的病历资料进行统计分析和研究。结果与2002年比较:1)2003年院前急救患者年龄0～15岁组和81～92岁组明显减少(P<0.05);16～35岁、51～65岁患者的比例明显增加(P<0.05);2)2003年病种构成前4位依次为心血管系统、神经系统、颅脑创伤、多发伤。3)出诊时间:2003年在00∶00～06∶00时段患者数明显减少(P<0.05),而在12∶00～15∶00和18∶00～24∶00患者比例明显增加(P<0.05)。4)出诊地点:2003年乡镇医院及公共场所比例增加(P<0.05),家庭的急诊患者减少(P>0.05)。结论随着院前急救病例的流行病学变化,应及时调整院前急救护理人员班次,使在院前急救高峰期有足够的护理人员参与院前急救。

Objective In order to exert largest profits on using limited nurse resource,the number of runs of pre-hospital were arranged with reason by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of patients’ sex,age,disease,the time of going round,place in the years of 2002~2003.Methods The data of all salvage patients in our hospital during Jan.2002 to Dec.2003 were respectively investigated in statistics and research.Results Comparing with the year 2002: 1)The first aid patients in age group 0~15year-old and group 81~92 year-old were evidently reduced (P<0.05).The patients in groups of 16~35year-old and 51~ 65 year-old were evidently increased (P<0.05).2)4 forward diseases in the year of 2003 were cardiovascular disease,nervous disease,wound of cerebrum and multi-injury.3)Time of going rounds: In 2003,patients between 00:00~06:00Am.were distinctly reduced (P<0.05).But the patients at 12:00~15:00 and 18:00~24:00p.m. were markedly increased (P<0.05).4)Places of going rounds: In 2003,proportions in villages and towns hospital and in public were evidently increased (P<0.05).But family urgent patients were distinctly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusions According to the epidemiological changes of pre-hospital salvage patients,it is important to adjust the number of runs in time,and then there will be enough nurses taking part in pre-hospital first aid in the urgent peak.