土壤磷酸酶活性对施肥-种植-耕作制度的响应

Response of Soil Phosphatase Activities to Fertilization, Plantingand Tillage Sysytems

植物所需的磷素营养,主要来源于土壤内源、外源无机磷。而大量存在的有机磷类化合物在土壤磷酸酶的作用下催化水解为无机磷,不仅是土壤内源无机磷的主要来源,也是土壤磷素循环的一个重要的环节。土壤磷酸酶在土壤中主要以吸附态的形式存在,其活性受到施肥、种植和耕作制度的影响。本文对国内外不同施肥方式、种植及耕作制度下土壤磷酸酶(酸性磷酸酶、中性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、磷酸二酯酶、磷酸三酯酶、焦磷酸酶)活性响应进行综述,拟为不同农业管理制度下土壤磷酸酶活性的调节提供依据。

Soil exogenous and endogenous inorganic P is the main source of plant requisite phosphorus. Inorganic P coming from hydrolysis of organic P by soil phosphatases is not only the source of soil endogenous inorganic P, but also an essential part of soil P cycling. Most soil phosphatases are adsorbed by soil colloid and soil humus, therefore, agricultural managements are the key factors affecting soil phosphatase activities. This summarized the response of soil phosphatase (acid phosphomonoesterase, neutral phosphomonoesterase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, phosphodiesterase,phosphtriesterase and pyrophosphatase ) activities to fertilization,planting and tillage systems,and aimed to regulate soil phosphatase activities under different agricultural managements.