脉冲与稳态噪声引起工人听力损伤的差异

DIFFERENCES OF NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS BETWEEN IMPULSE NOlSE AND CONTINUOUS STEADY STATE NOISE EXPOSURE WORKERS

对接触脉冲噪声和稳态噪声的７７１名工人调查发现，年龄性别校正后的高频听力损伤患病率为６０．４％、语频为５．４％。听力损伤患病率随噪声暴露的剂量增大而升高，有剂量—反应关系。接触脉冲噪声工人的高频听力损伤患病率（６２．４％，３４５／５５３）高于稳态噪声（５５．５％，１２１／２１８），但无显著差异；而语频听力损伤患病率（６．７％，３７／５５３）明显高于稳态噪声（２．３％，５／２１８）。脉冲噪声引起的听力损伤曲线出现左移，表明它对听觉系统的危险性高于稳态噪声。

n this study 77l workers expoxed to impulse noise or continuous steady statc noise were investigated. The prevalence of highfrequency noise induced hearing loss(NIHL)was 60.4%and that of low frequency NIHL,5.4%. Dose-response reationship be-tween cumulative noise exposure(CNE)and NIHL could be found. The prevalence of high frequency NIHL in impulse noise expo-sure group was higher than that in continuous noise exposure group(62.4%vs 55.5%,P=0.093).The prevalence of low fre-quency NIHL in impulse noise exposure group was also higher than that in continuous noise exposure group(6.7%vs 2.3%,P<0.05).predicted logistic regression curves showed that there was a left shift of probability in impulse noise exposure group.Theseresults suggested that impulse noise exposure was more dangerous than continuous noise exposure for NIHL.