不锈钢电焊烟尘对工人尿铬、尿NAG和尿δ－ALA的影响

EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO WELDING FUMES ON URINE CHROMIUM,N-ACETYL-β-D-GLUCOSAMINIDASE AND DELTA-ALA IN MANUAL STAINLESS STEEL WELDERS

以尿铬、Ｎ－乙酰－β－Ｄ氨基葡萄糖苷酶（ＮＡＧ）和δ－氨基乙酰丙酸（δ－ＡＬＡ）作为不锈钢电焊烟尘接触者早期职业性损害指标，探讨了各指标间关系及铬的尿廓清生物半减期（ＢＨＴ）。结果表明，接触组工人班后尿铬与电焊烟尘浓度、班前与班后尿ＮＡＧ活力、ＮＡＧ活力与尿δ－ＡＬＡ、班后尿铬与尿δ－ＡＬＡ等均呈显著正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。按毒物代谢动力学公式推算，铬的尿廓清ＢＨＴ约为５０ｈ左右。认为尿铬、ＮＡＧ、δ－ＡＬＡ可作为对电焊工生物学监测的同类指标。

Thirty manual stainless steel(MSS)welders were studied as exposed group.The control groups consisted of thirty-five metal workshop workers(control A),and thirty-five university students(control B).The results showed that Cr concentration and activi-ty of NAG in urine of exposed group were significantly higher than those in control B(P<0.0.Cluster analysis revealed that there were significant correlations between urine Cr and welding fumes,NAG and ALA,urine Cr and ALA,NAG(before shift)andNAG(after shilt)(P<0.05).It is suggested that these indices should be used as a group of biological monitoring indices for MSS welders. The biological half-time of urinary clearance was fifty hours in our study.