河南商丘市910名青年职工吸烟行为特征的流行病学研究

An Epidemiogicgical Study on the Characteristics of Smoking Bebaviors among 910 Young Workrs.inShang

对河南省商丘市医疗卫生、教育系统及四个工厂企业工作年限五年以内，年龄３０岁以下的青年职工进行吸烟行为特征的流行病学调查。研究采用集中自填问卷方式调查，样本选择男女比例约为２：１，样本总量为９２６名。调查共收到９１０份有效答卷，应答率为９８．３％。调查结果：青年职工吸烟率为３２．１％，其中男性为６４．２％，女性为１．５％。男性吸烟率与我国成年男性职工的最高吸烟率接近，远高出在校青少年吸烟率，并且随着工作年限的增加而增高。该人群吸烟行为的突出特点是，约５０％的人在工作以后开始经常吸烟，而且吸烟习惯的形成多是在工作的前４年。吸烟青年职工８０％以上为中轻度吸烟，绝大多数能在禁止吸烟的地方不吸烟。工作单位是主要的吸烟场所，吸烟伙伴多是同事或朋友。

This paper dealt with an epidemiological investigation on the smoking behaviors of the young people inShangqiu city,Henan province. The period of their working history was less than 5 years and their agesyounger than 30 years. The interviewees were chosen from the hospitals,middle or professional schools,andlarge factories in the city.here were 587 males and 339 females included in this sample. Everyone was askedto complete the self-administered quextionnaire in the workplace. The total number of sample was 926. Therate of respondence was 98.3%. Of the 926 questionnaires,910(98.3%)were identified as qualified. Theinvestigation showed that the overall smoking rate was 32.1%,with male 64.2/and female 1.5%, respc-tively. The smoking rate of male was approaching the highest rate of adult males in our country,much higherthan that of adolescents in school. The rates were parallelly increasing with years of working. About 50%ofthe young smokers began to be habitual since started their job,espcially from the first four yearsof work.More than 80 percent of the smoking young workers were mild or light smokers,and did not smoke in″BanSmoking Place ″.However,the most popular places for,smoking were the place where there is a sign at theirworkplaces.They smoke most often with their colleagues and friends.