锰对小学生学习能力的影响初探

Effects of Manganese on Learning Abilities in School Children

太原市清徐县吴村常年饮水中锰含量过高，小学生发锰、血锰含量分别为１．２４２ｕｇ／ｇ、６１７ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ（３．３９ｕｇ／ｄｌ）。均高于正常儿童，学习成绩则低于正常儿童。为了探讨体内锰含量过高与学习能力低下的关系，作者测定了该村９２名小学生的血清５－羟色胺、多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素和乙酰胆碱酯酶，结果４种神经递质均低于正常儿童。学习成绩（语文、数学、总平均分）与多数神经递质呈正相关。多元线性回归结果表明：影响语文和总平均分成绩的神经递质顺序为５－羟色胺、去甲肾上腺素、乙酰胆碱酯酶和多巴胺，影响数学成绩的神经递质顺序为去甲肾上腺素、５－羟色胺、乙酰胆碱酯酶和多巴胺。

anganese in drinking water of Wu Village,Qingchu County,Taiyuan,Shanxi Province persisted in an excessive level all the year round,hair and blood manganese contents in its primary school pupils,averaged 1.242ug/g and 617 nmol/L (3.39ug/dl),respectively,were higher than those in normal chil-dren,and the school records of the former were poorer than those of the latter. Levels of serum 5-hy- droxytryptamine (5-HT),dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine esterase of those 92 school chil-dren were determined to study their relationship with poor learning abilities.Results showed levels of four neurotransmitter in them all were lower than those in control children,School records for Chinese language and mathelnatics correlated positively to the levels of most neurotransmitter.Multiple linear re- gression analysis showed the order of the effects of neurotransmitter on school records of Chinese lan-guage was 5-HT,norepinephrine,acetylcholine esterase and dopamine,and those on mathematics was norepinephrine,5-HT,acetylcholine esterase and dopamine.