北京通县750例儿童急性呼吸道感染抗生素滥用调查

A Study on Antibiotic Ahuse in 750 Children with Acute Respiratory Iufection in Tongxian Countyof Beuiug

抗生素滥用是世界性重要公共卫生问题，本研究以世界卫生组织“儿童急性呼吸道感染标准病例管理方案”为依据，对１００名通县县、乡、村三级医疗保健机构门诊医生，在诊治７５０名５岁以下急性呼吸道感染病儿中，存在的医生抗生素滥用与不适宜应用的问题进行了调查。医生抗生素滥用率为９６．９％，不适宜应用率为６２．９％。导致医生滥用和不适宜应用的影响因素为医生从医年限、学历、知识与态度评分，诊断水平，用药目的，家长公费医疗，病儿体温及家长自主用药等。

study on antibiotic abuxeand inappropriate use was conducted in 750 children under five years old with acute respiratory iiifection(ARI)in Tongxian County,Beijing,based on WHO's ARI Standard Case Management for Young Children,who sought medical care in clinics at county, ownship,and vil- lage levels provided by 100 physicians,Results showed 96.9%of them were defined as antibiotic abuse and 62.9%as inappropriate use。Factors that contributed to antibiotic abuse and inappropriate use were length of medical practice of physicians the ill children consulted,their education level,scores of their knowledge and attitude,their diagnostic skills,purposes for antibiotic use,whether or not to enjoy free medical care by employees' dependents,ill children' s degree of fever and self-prescription by parents,and so on.