枢复宁预防超大剂量单次全身放疗所致的恶心呕吐

ONDANSETRON IN THE PROPHYLAXIS OF ACUTE EMESIS INDUCED BY SUPRA-HIGH SINGLE DOSE TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION(TBI)

１１６例急、慢性白血病患者因行骨髓移植接受单次超大剂量全身放疗，总剂量７００～７７０Ｇｙ，剂量率０．０５Ｇｙ／ｍｉｎ。７０例患者采用枢复宁＋地塞米松预防急性恶心呕吐反应，结果该组患者无恶心率４３％（３０／７０），轻度恶心率为４４％（３１／７０），呕吐完全控制率为６６％（４６／７０），每天１～２次呕吐发生率为１９％（１３／７０），总有效率为８４％（５９／７０）。而以灭吐灵＋地塞米松组无恶心率及轻度恶心率分别为２％（１／４６）和９％（４／４６），呕吐控制及部分控制率分别为２％（１／４６）和１７％（８／４６）。枢复宁抗全身放疗诱发急性恶心呕吐疗效明显优于灭吐灵。

AbstractOne hundred sixteen cases of leukemia patients received supra-high single dose TBI for bonemarrow transplantation ( BMT ) with total a radiation dosage of 700～770 Gy at about 5cGy/min.Seventy patients were given ondanstron(8mg) plus dexamethasone(DXM ,10mg ) for prophylaxis ofTBI-induced acute nausea and vomiting ,46 patients were given paspertin(10mg) plus dexamethasone( 10mg ) as controls. The clinical results showed that ondansetron plus DXM achieved complete ormajor control of vomiting in 59/70(84%)of cases and there was little or no nausea in 61/70(87%),while paspertin plus DXM achieved complete or major control of vomiting only in 9/46 ( 20%)ofcases and little or no nausea in 5/46(11%). It is concluded that ondansetron has significantly greateradvantage over paspertin in the control of acute emesis induced by TBI.