牛膝多糖抗肿瘤作用及免疫机制实验研究

EFFECT OF ACHYRANTHES BIDENTATA POLYSACCHARIDES(ABP)ON ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY AND IMMUNE FUNCTION OF S_(180)-BEARING MICE

作者研究了牛膝多糖（ＡＢＰ）对Ｓ＿（１８０）荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用和脾细胞诱生ＴＮＦ和ＬＡＫ细胞活性的影响。结果证实ＡＢＰ２５～１００ｍｇ·Ｋｇ￣（－１）·ｄ￣（－１）×７的抑瘤率为３１％～４０％。环磷酰胺１２．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ单次的抑瘤率为１７％，与ＡＢＰ１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ￣（－１）·ｄ￣（－１）合用的抑瘤率为５８％，有明显协同作用。ＡＢＰ１～２μｇ／ｍｌ对小鼠肉瘤Ｓ＿（１８０）细胞和人白血病Ｋ＿（５６２）细胞的增殖均有明显抑制作用，ＡＢＰ５０及１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ腹腔注射能明显提高Ｓ＿（１８０）荷瘤小鼠ＬＡＫ细胞活性和ＴＮＦ－β生成。诱生ＴＮＦ的达峰时间是２次腹腔注射后的第８天。为探讨其抗肿瘤机理，对Ｓ＿（１８０）细胞膜成份进行了分析，结果显示ＡＢＰ与细胞接触２４小时，引起细胞膜唾液酸含量升高，膜磷脂含量降低，这些变化差异均有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）；但膜胆固醇含量、膜流动性（Ｃ／Ｐ比值）不受影响。提示ＡＢＰ的抗瘤机理与其增强宿主免疫功能及改变细胞膜生化特性有关。

AbstractAchyranthes bidentata polysaccharides(ABP ) , extracted from the root of Achyranthes bidentataBlume ,25～ 100mg·kg_(-1)·d_(-1)×7 could inhibit tumor growth by 31%～40%. Combination of cy-clophosphamide(Cy ) and ABP increased the rate of tumor growth inhibition to 58%. ABP 50 and100%mg/kg ip could potentiate LAK cell activity and increase the Con A(5μg/ml)-induced produc-tion of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-β)from murine splenocytes. The optimal time for TNF produc-tion was on d 8. We also found that ABP 1～2μg/ml strongly inhibited the proliferation of S180 andK562 cells in vitro. The S180 cell membrane content of sialic acid was increased and phospholipid de-creased after ABP acting on cells for 24 hours. The changes were significantly different from the con-trol group(P<0. 05 or P<0.01) , but the membrane cholesterol content and membrane mobility in-dices(Ch/PI)were not affected. The results suggest that the antitumor mechanism of ABP may berelated to potentiation of the host immunosurveillance mechanism and the changes in cell membranefeatures.