尿素－金属氯化物熔体的电导特性

Electrical Conductances of Urea-Metatal Chloride Melts

测定了尿素—ＬｉＣｌ、尿素—ＮａＣｌ、尿素—ｋＣｌ、尿素—ＣｕＣｌ＿２、尿素—ＮｉＣｌ＿２、尿素—ＮａＣｌ—ＣｕＣｌ＿２、尿素—ＮａＣｌ—ＮｉＣｌ＿２熔体的电导率，研究了温度、浓度、碱金属离子大小对电导的影响。在所研究的温度范围内（１００～１３６℃），上述体系的电导率与温度成直线关系，尿素一碱金属氯化物熔体的电导率随阳离子半径增大而减少，且与阳离子半径平方的倒数成线性关系。尿素—ＣｕＣｌ＿２（０．１～１．０ｍｏｌ·ｄｍ￣（－３））的电导率在０．８ｍｏｌ·ｄｍ￣（－３）附近出现最高点，在０．７４ｍｏｌ·ｄｍ￣（－３）氯化物浓度附近，摩尔电导的顺序是ＬｉＣｌ＞ＮａＣｌ＞ＫＣｌ＞。

The conductivities of urea-LiCl,urea-NaCl,urea-KCl,urea-CuCl_2,urea- NiCl_2,urea-NaCl-CuCl_2 and urea-NaCl-NiCl_2 melts were determined and the influences of temperature,concentration,size of alkali metal ions on the conductance were investigated. In the experimental temperature range(100～136℃),the plots of conductivity versus temperature for melts mentioned above are linear,The conductivities of urea-alkali metal chloride melts de- crease with increasing cation radius and have linear relationships with the reciprocal of cation ra-dius square,The conductivities of urea-CuCl_2 melts (0.1～1.0 mol·dm￣(-3) )have the maxi-mum at about 0.8 mol·dm￣(-3). At the chloride concentration of about 0.74 mol·dm￣(-3)。the or-der of molar condrctivities is LiCl>CaNl>KCl>.