物种的形成、进化与杂种优势──兼论植物远缘杂交的实质

ON SPCIATION,EVOLUTION AND HETEROS OF OKGANISMS──A Concurrently Discussion on Remote Cross of Plants

最主要的种化机制是生殖隔离与岛屿化效应，物种进化模式是以突变和自然选择为动力的间歇性暴发式，遗传多样性及生态环境多样性则是物种进化的物质基础．杂种优势利用是提高农业生产的重要手段之一，而植物远缘杂种优势利用，更是农作物生产中极具潜力的重要领域．现代生物技术与传统育种技术相结合较好地克服了植物远缘杂交过程中的种种障碍，为人类更好更广泛地利用植物有益基因、创造前所未有的植物新类型奠定了基础．本文还讨论了植物远缘杂交的实质与植物远缘杂种优势理论基础的假说．

Reproductive isolation is the most important mechanism to speciation of organ-ism. Forced by mutation and natural selection pressure ,species evolution performances in punc-tuated and upstart changing medols. Diversity of ecotope and biodiversity are the fundementalbasis of species evolution. Utilization of heterosis is a very important approach to increase agri-cultural production,and heterosis among remote plant germplasm shows significant potential toagricultural production for mankind. It's possible to overcome difficulties in remote cross ofplant with integrating modern biotechnology and traditional breeding techniques. Successfulremote cross can make it possible for us to use germplasm in natural gene bank of plant and toproduce more new genutype. Plant remote cross and theoretical basis of heterosis between dis-tant species are discussed in the paper.