牛顿引力平方反比定律的证明

NEWTON'S DEMONSTRATIONS OF THE INVERSE SQUARE LAW FOR ATTRACTION

该文揭示了牛顿有关引力平方反比定律证明的演化过程，即牛顿先后给出了引力平方反比关系的四种证明方法：偏离量关系和比例方法、线性动力学比方法、比较动力学比方法和圆周动力学比方法。指出：牛顿《自然哲学之数学原理》的研究应该是动态的，而且应以该书第一版为基准。

This paper brings to light Newton's programme of development for demonstrating the inverse square law for attraction.Newton successively gave four general measures for his programme, namely,the measure of derivative relation-proportion,the measure of linear dynamics ratio,the measures of comparison dynamics ratio,and the measure of circular dynamics ratio. It is suggested that the studies of Newton's Principia should be a developmental examination,and that the first edition of Principia should be taken as a criterion as best one can.