再议减轻自然灾害系统工程

TALK AGAIN ABOUT SYSTEM ENGINEERING FOR NATURAL DISASTER REDUCTION

随着“国际减灾十年”活动的进展,我国的减灾工作已进入制定减灾规划,实施减灾规划的新阶段,即进入减灾系统工程的设计与实施阶段。为了推动减灾系统工程的实施,需要建立先进的科学支持系统和社会保障体系,包括建立自然灾害信息系统;进行自然灾害区划与减灾区划;开展综合预报;建立自然灾害评估系统;进行灾害教育;发展灾害保险;推动减灾工作社会化与产业化;建立减灾示范区;开展灾害科学体系的全面研究和进行国际交流等。以上这些工作是减灾规划的主体内容,也正是减灾系统工程的子系统。 减轻自然灾害是一项全社会的协调行动,因此为了推动与协调全社会的减灾行动,保障减灾系统工程的实施,必须制定综合性的减灾规划;建立减灾管理系统和综合研究中心;进行灾害立法。

With the development of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction activity, in China disaster reduction work has got into a new stage to draw up and implement the programme for disaster reduction, i. e. enter the design of system engineering for disaster reduction and implementation stage. In order to promote the implementation of system engineering for disaster reduction, establish advanced science to support the system and social guarantee system is need, including establishing information system for natural disaster; conducting natural disaster zoning and disaster reduction zoning, developing comprehensive prediction, establishing assessment system for natural disaster: conducting disaster education; developing disaster insurance; promoting socialization and industrialization of disaster reduction work; establishing demonstration area for disaster reduction; developing comprehensive study of science system of disaster and conducting international exchange etc.. These works mentioned above are the main contents of disaster reduction programme, and also just the subsystem of system engineering for disaster reduction. Natural disaster reduction is a coordination activity of all society. For this reason, to promote and coordinate the disaster reduction activity of all society and ensure the implementation of system engineering for disaster reduction, we have to draw up the comprehensive programme for disaster reduction; to establish the management system for disaster reduction and comprehensive research center; and to conduct disaster legislation.