论21世纪中国农业可持续发展──有关理论与实践的讨论

ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CHINESE SO AGRICULTURE IN THE 21ST CENTURY

文章讨论了可持续农业的定义与实际含义，对发展与环境、现代农业的功与过、替代还是发展、传统技术与现代科学技术的关系等理论问题进行了探讨并提出相应的见解，重点是强调生产持续性、经济持续性与生态持续性三者的统一，强调前进而不要后退。文章还探讨了中国农业发展的方向与道路，根据中国农业４５年成就与不足以及面临的难题，提出２１世纪目标──实现农业现代化，而集约持续农业是中国式通向农业现代化的具体道路的体现。强调集约（高产高效）与持久发展的结合，在农业上要狠下真功夫。

In the first part of this paper some theoretical problems are discussed. They include the definition and actural content of sustainable agriculture, the relation between development and environment, the merits and wrongs of modern agriculture,the traditional and modern technology and so on. The unification of productional, economical and ecological sustainment is emphasized.In the second part some practical problems concerning Chinese agriculture are discussed. They are the direction and ways of agricultural development, the problems faced and the target of Chinese agriculture in the 21st century-agricultural modernization. The intensive sustained agriculture is recommended.