部分高粱转换系与不同高粱细胞质的育性反应

Fertility Reaction of Partial Conversion Lines with Different Cytoplasms in Sorghum

利用部分高粱转换系与具相同核背景不同细胞质的高粱不育系杂交,调查F_1代植株花粉育性和主要农艺性状,结果表明4种细胞质之间育性反应存在着明显的差异,A_1与A_2型细胞质之间差异较小;A_1、A_2与A_3、A_4型之间差异较大。A_1和A_2型细胞质与部分高粱转换系杂交F_1代的自交结实率之间的相关达极显著水准。A_2、A_3型细胞质对F_1代主要农艺性状的影响与A_1型对这些性状的影响无显著差异。A_2型细胞质可以在高粱杂交种生产中加以利用。A_3型细胞质与前两种细胞质的育性反应截然不同。找到了A_3型细胞质的恢复源和能同时恢复A_1、A_2、A_3型细胞质的材料。初步确定了能够鉴定高粱4种不同细胞质的鉴定系。通过对同核异质,异核同质育性反应的研究,表明4种细胞质完全不同,细胞质对育性反应起着决定性的作用,育性反应不因核背景的改变而发生显著变化,不同细胞质育性恢复机制不同。

Crosses were made between partial conversion lines and the new-ISO nuclear cytoplasmic male sterile lines in F1 plants of the sorghum. The pollen Fertility and the performance of several major agronomic traits of sorghum were studied. The results indicated that the effect of the four male sterile cytoplasms on the pollen fertility of the F1 plants were significantly different. The differences were smaller between A1 and A2 cytoplasms, bigger between A1, A2 and A3 cytoplasms. Correlation coefficient between the seed sets of selfed F1's with A1 to A2 cytoplasms (F1 self-crossing seed sets) was r = 0.4794, reaching the significant level. Effect of cytoplasms on the performance of several major agronomic traits of the F1 hybrids were not significantly different between A1 and A2, A1 and A3 cytoplasms. A2 male sterile cytoplasms can be used in hybrid sorghum seed production. The reaction effect of A3 cytoplasm on the pollen fertility in F1 plants were completely different from these of A1 and A2 cytoplasms. Restoring lines for A3 male-sterile cytoplasm and for A1, A2 male-sterile cytoplasms were found. Some inbreds can be used as tester for different male sterile cytoplasms in sorghum. Effect of the same male sterile cytoplasm with different nuclei background on the pollen fertility of F1 plants were also studied. The result indicated that the fertility reaction depends mainly on the male sterile cytoplasms, but not on the nuclei(The change of reaction of F1 pollen fertility was not significant even though nuclei were changed). Different male sterile cytoplasms of sorghum have different mechanisms in pollen fertility restoration.