摘要
高密度导致小麦花后旗叶叶绿素、全氮、可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量下降,膜脂过氧化作用加强,活性氧清除系统的超氧化物歧化酶活性降低,光合速率下降,籽粒胚乳细胞数减少,籽粒生长速率降低,从而降低了粒重.研究表明,适当降低基本苗数,建立合理的群体结构,能有效地提高小麦开花后植株的生理活性,延长叶片衰老速率缓降期,推迟迅降期,加强同化物的合成作用,扩大籽粒库容并增强充实能力,提高粒重.
Effect of different density on leaf senescence after anthesis and seed weight were studied from 1985 to 1987 and 1988 to 1992 in USA and China, respectively. High density resulted in a decrease of chlorophyll content, total nitrogen, soluble protein and soluble sugar, and an increase of lipid peroxidation in flag leaf after anthesis. High density also reduced the endosperm cell number, kernel growth rate and kernel weight.Experimental results showed that reducing the seedling rate in an appropriate amount and es-tablishing reasonable canopy structure would increase the physiological activities of plant after anthesis, lengthen the slow decline period of leaf senescence, delay the rapid-decline period and enhance the photosynthetic assimilate, enlarge the sink and increase the fllling capacity. All these contribute to the increase of kernel weight.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第4期412-418,共7页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目
关键词
小麦
密度
衰老
膜脂过氧化
胚乳细胞
粒重
Wheat
Density
Senescence
Lipid peroxidation
Endosperm cell
Kernel weight
