冬小麦亲本配合力在不同世代和年份间的稳定性研究

Studies on Stability of Combining Ability of Winter Wheat Parents in Different Generations and Years

用9个冬小麦亲本按NCⅡ交配设计配成20个杂交组合,分析了F_2—F_5世代8个产量性状的配合力在世代和年份间的稳定性。结果表明:克草粒数(籽粒数/茎秆草重)、千粒重,收获指数、每穗粒重和每穗粒数的一般配合力在不同世代和年份间表现基本一致,早代测定的可靠性高。单株粒重和生物产量的一般配合力在F_2、F_3世代间相关性低,F_4代以后明显增高,说明宜晚代测定配合力。在F_4、F_5世代间所有性状的特殊配合力均显著正相关,但不同年份间表现不稳定,一年的测定结果可靠性低。

20 hybrid combinations were made from NCⅡ design of by using nine parents of winter wheat. The stability of combining ability of eight yield characters in F2-F5 generations was evaluated in different years and in the same year. The results indicated that GCA trends of five characters such as grains/gram straw, 1000-grain weight, etc. were about the same in different generations and years, and the GCA determined at early generation is considerably high in reliability. The GCA correlations of grain weight per plant and biomass were lower between F2 and F3, and increased distinctly after F4, suggesting that GCA should be determined at / later generations, the SCA of all characters showed significant positive correlation between F4 and F5, but their exprssion varied in different years. So a single year determination of SCA was low in reliability.