含磨粒油润滑齿轮胶合失效的计算模型与试验研究

Calculation Model and Experimental Study of Scuffing Failure of Gears Lubricated with Particle-Containing Oil

在机械设备的运转过程中，齿轮润滑油都含有很多不同尺寸的磨粒。研究表明，磨粒产生的机械效应和热效应都不容忽视，前者可以导致齿轮的磨粒磨损，后者能够造成齿轮的胶合失效。尽管目前人们已经对磨粒导致胶合失效的机理有所认识，但还没有建立起相应的计算方法和模型，有关的试验分析方法也还没有看到文献报道。因此，从机理、计算方法和试验等多方面对含磨粒油润滑工况下的齿轮胶合失效进行了分析与研究。在给定的条件下，通过几种含不同尺寸磨粒的油润滑与纯净油润滑的对比试验，发现磨粒介入润滑过程可使齿轮的胶合失效载荷大幅度降低，而且磨粒尺寸越大，胶合失效越快。利用提出的计算模型对磨粒效应（分载量和温度等）进行了计算，所获结果与试验结果具有良好的一致性。因此，这种计算模型可以作为进一步认识磨粒效应和齿轮胶合失效的一种有效方法推广应用。

For the gear transmission,which is adopted in most mechanical equipment,there are agreat number of worn particles of different size in the lubricating oil,so the effects of the particles,both mechanical and thermal,are not allowed to be neglected.The mechanical effect can produceabrasive wear,while the thermal effect can lead to scuffing failure of gears. The mechanism of theparticle induced scuffing failure has been preliminarily realozed but the corresponding calculationmethod and model have not ever been established, nor the experimental analysis method beenreported.Thus,a mechanism and calculation method are presented in this paper for tbe scuffingfailure of gears lubricated with particle-containing oil,and furthermore experiments are conducted.Under the given conditions,the comparison experimental results of gears,lubricated with particle-containing oil and pure oil respectively,shown that the scuffing failure load obviously decreased dueto the existence of particles,and the larger the particle size,the shorter is the scuffing failure time.Using the proposed model,the calculation of particle effects(such as load sharing,temperature)was made,and the theoretical results agree well with the experimental results. Therefore, thecalculation model not only facilitate to realize the particle effects as well as the scuffing failure ofgears,but also can be widely applied.