一种利用气象要素场时变信息确定其空间分布状态的方法及数值模拟研究

A Method for Determining the Spatial Structure of Meteorological Variable from the Temporal Evolution of Observational Data

本文将藉观测资料所包含的时间演变信息来建立要素场空间结构的问题提成一个反问题，并利用共轭方程和最优控制技术把模式初值作为控制变量来求解这个反问题；希望对由于空间测站不足而得不到合理初始场的问题以及由于用共轭方程而引起大的计算量的向题获得解决的方法．文中利用了一个边界层动力模式及其共轭方程模式进行了数值试验，结果表明：在对计算做出简化处理及较合理的测站分布下，方法能够从大大少于模式自由度的观测资料中得出比较合理的要素场初值的空间结构。

In this paper, the problem of getting the spatial structure of meteorological variables from the temporal evolution of observational data is put forward as an inverse problem. In order to solve this problem, we use the theory of adjoint equation and optimal control techniques in which the initial fields ofthe model serve as control variables. The purpose is to solve the problem in getting the rational initialfield from insufficientdata sets and the problem of large computational task because of using theadjoint equahon. A dynamical model and its adjoint model have been adopted to do some numericalexperiments. Under the condihon of making the algorithm simplified and making the distribution ofobservahonal station rational, the numerical results show that the rough structure of meteorological variables can be obtained from the observational data, the number of which is less than the dimension ofthe dynamical model.