西双版纳橡胶、胡椒、咖啡根际真菌及细菌区系的研究

Studies on the Rhizosphere Fungi and Bacteria-flora of Hevea brasiliensis,Piper nigrum,Coffea arabica in Xishuangbanna

研究西双版纳橡胶、胡椒、咖啡根际土壤中的真菌和细菌。从橡胶土样得真菌１１属４８株，其中青霉属（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｉｔｉｌｌｉｕｎｍ）２９株，占绝对优势；细菌１４属６１株，其中芽孢杆菌属（Ｂａ－ｃｉｌｌｕｓ）３５株，占绝对优势。从胡椒土样得真菌１０属２５株，其中青霉属６株，为优势菌之一；细菌９属６１株，芽孢杆菌４２株，居绝对优势。从咖啡上样得真菌５属２３株，仍以青霉属居绝对优势，占１７株；细菌１２属６４株，芽孢杆菌有３５株，为优势菌。在初步探讨了三种经济作物根际真菌及细菌区系的组成、数量及优势种群的基础上，还分析了这些微生物在根际土壤中的作用及部分真菌病害问题。

Some strains of fungi and bacteria have been isolated from the rhizospheresoil of H. brasljiensis,P. nigrum and C .arabica in the dry and the rainy season inXishuangbanna.11 genera(48 strains)of fungi and 14 genera(61 strains)of bacteria havebeen isolated from rhizosphere soil of H. brastjicnsis. Among these strains, Penicillium(29 strains)is the absolute dominant population of species in fungi and Bacillus(35 strains)is the dominant population inbacteria, From the soil of P,nigrum,10 genera(25 strains)of fungi and 9 genera(61strains) of bacteria have been isolated, and Penicljlium(6strains) is one of dominant population in fungi but Bacillus(42 strains)is still the abso-lute dominant population in bacteria. In the soil of C. arabica, they are 5 genera(23strains) of fungi and 12 genera (64 strains)of bacteria, and Penicillium is still the absolutedominant population in fungi and Bacillus(35 strains)is also the dominant population. After research the constituent, number and dominant population of species of therhizosphere fungi and bacteria-flora in the three tropica economic crops one by one, au-thors analysised the action of these microbes in rhizosphere soil and discussed some prob-lems about fungi disease.