吉林省人参细菌性软腐病的症状和病原

Symptoms and Pathogenic Identification of Ginseng Bacterial Soft Rot

近年来，人参细菌性软腐病在吉林省各主要参场均有发生，平均发病率为２％～５％，严重可达１０％以上．本文通过对省内几个主要参场的软腐病参根和经厌气诱发产生软腐症状的参根进行分离所获得的菌株，根据１９７３年伯杰《细菌学分类鉴定手册》第８版的分类和美国植物病理学会１９８０年出版的植物病原细菌实验指导，进行了致病性测定、电子显微镜形态观察和生理生化测定等试验．结果表明，造成吉林省人参细菌性软腐病的病原细菌种类为：胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌胡萝卜软腐变种［Ｅｒｗｉｎｉａｃａｒｏｔｏｖｏｒａｐｖ．ｃａｒｏｔｏｖｏｒａＤｙｅ］；胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌黑茎变种［Ｅｒｗｉｎｉａｃａｒｏｔｏｖｏｒａｐｖ．ａｔｒｏｓｅｐｔｉｃａＤｙｅ］；石竹假单胞菌［Ｐｓｅｕｄｍｏｎａｓｃａｒｙｏｐｈｙｌｌ（Ｂｕｒｋｈｏｌｄｅｒ）Ｓｔａｒｒ＆Ｂｕｒｋｈｏｌｄｅｒ］．

The isolates of bacteria obtained from diseased ginseng foots were exemined for their pathogenicity,morphological with electron microscope and serological characteristics.The results showed that the pathogencaused ginseng bacterial soft rot in Jilin Provine was Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora Dye;Erwinia caro-tovora pv. atroseptica Dye and Pseudomonas caryopylli(Burkholder)Starr & Burkholder.