冬小麦杂种F_2代主要性状遗传进度的研究

Study on Genetic Advance of Principal Characters of Winter Wheat Crosses F_2

对10个杂交组合的F_2代主要性状广义遗传力、相对遗传进度、相关遗传进度进行了估算和分析,结果表明,广义遗传力和相对遗传进度因性状、组合的不同而有明显差异.凡双亲某性状差异大的组合,其F_2代该性状遗传力较高,相对遗传进度较大.就性状的平均结果而言,广义遗传力大小顺序为株高>抽穗期>主穗长>百粒重>主穗小穗数>主穗粒数>单株穗数>单株粒重;相对遗传进度大小顺序为单株粒重>单株穗数>抽穗期>株高>主穗粒数>主穗小穗数>主穗长>百粒重.单株粒重的相关遗传进度(相对值)也因组合、性状的不同而有明显差异.综合来看,各性状对单株粒重的相关遗传进度(相对值)均小于100%,因此,通过选择某一性状来间接选择单株粒重的效果一般不如直接对单株粒重进行选择效果好.

The estimation and analysis of principal characters-broad-sense heritabili-ty, relative genetic advance and correlated geneticadvance of F2 from ten cross combinations showed that broad - senseheritability and relative genetic advance were distinguish-inglydifferent due to different characters and combinations; whenevercombined by the parental pair with some distinguishingly differentcharacters, the heritability of this charac-terof F2 was higher, therelative genetic advance was bigger; in respect to the average result of characters , the sequence of the broad-sense heritability was: plantheight > heading date >plant length of main culm >hundred-kernel-weight>spikelet number of main culm> grain number ofmain culm > panicle numberper plant >kernel weight per plant; and of the relative genetic advancewas:kernel weight per plant > panicle number per plant>heading date>plant height>grain number of main culm > spikelet number ofmain culm>plant length of main culm > 100-seed weight, while the correlated geneticadvance of kernel weight per plant were also distinguishingly differentdue to different characters and combinations; in general, the correlatedgenetic advance of each character of kernel weight per plant was allbelow 100%.therefore, it is better to select the character of thekernel weight per plant only by choosing directly this character itselfinstead ofindirectly any others.