生态核不育大麦小孢子败育时期的电镜观察

ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPE OBSERVATIONS ON MICROSPOROGENESIS OF ECOL-SENSITIVE GENIC MALE STERILE BARLEY (EGMSB) AT THE ABORTING STAGE

用电镜观察了生态核不育大麦早播和晚播材料的小孢子发育过程。结果表明：小孢子败有的关键时期是小孢子形成后的单核靠边期（即大液泡时期），进入这一时期后，早播材料不能有效地形成中央大液泡，各种细胞器及液泡膜解体或退化，从而导致败育。因此，液泡系的行为似可以作为生态核不育大麦小孢子败育的最早标志。极少数小孢子长期停留在单核靠边期，直至抽穗时仍未进入二核或三核，可能也是败育的原因之一。晚播材料小孢子表现为正常的发育进程。

The developing process of microsporogenesis was observed through elec-tronic microscope about EGMSB sown on Oct. 10 (early sowing) and EGMSB sown on Nov-24 (late sowing). It was shown that, for the early sowing EGMSB, abortion of microspores mainly occurred at the central large vacuole stage One reason was that, at this stage, the central large vacuole could not be fully grown, and all kinds of cell-organelles and portion membrane of the vacuole became degenerated or disorganized. The other was, a few mi-crospores kept long at the central large vacuole stage and their nuclear could not be double or triploided even until ear came up. The development of microspores was normal for the late sowing EGMSB.