渭北旱塬主栽杏树品种耐旱性研究

Drought Tolerance of Main Apricot Varieties in Weibei Plateau Area

应用Ｐ－Ｖ曲线技术对渭北旱塬区主栽的梅杏、曹杏、广杏、白沙杏、大接杏、葫芦杏６个品种的水分参数进行了测定，结合叶片蒸腾强度日变化及叶持水力的测定，结果表明：不同品种的水分参数差异明显，表现了它们耐旱能力的强弱，根据膨压为零时的渗透势来排列所测６个杏品种的耐旱能力大小为：曹杏＞白沙杏＞梅杏＞广杏＞葫芦杏＞大接杏。依据膨压（ＰＶＡＴ），细胞弹性模量（ε）和细胞体积比（ＲＣＶ）的相互关系，表明所测６个杏品种在耐旱途径上存在差异，曹杏、白沙杏、梅杏属＂耐旱型＂抗旱类型；广杏、葫芦杏、大接杏属＂逃避型＂抗旱类型。

Using P-V curve technique jointly with evaporation intensity and leaf water-holding capacity measurement, the water physiological parameters were estimated for six apricot varieties, Meixing, Caoxing, Guangxing, Baishaxing, Dajiexing and Huluxing in Weibei Plateau Area. The difference of water physiological parameter among six varieties indicates the drought tolerance capacity level of each variety. According to osmotic potential at zero dilatation pressure, the order of drought tolerance capacity Of the six varieties is ranked as: Caoxing、Baishaxing、Meixing、Guangxing、Huluxing and Dajiexing. The inter-relationship among dilatation pressure (PVAT), elasticity modulus of cell (ε) and ratio of cell volume shows that the six varieties have different drought resistance strategies,Caoxing、Baishxing and Met Xing are of tolerant type while Guangxing、Huluxing and Dajiexing are of escape type.