种植抗病品种为主的玉米茎腐病综合防治技术

The Integrated Management of Corn Stalk Rot Disease with Resistant Variety as the Main Precaution

１９８６～１９９４年对玉米茎腐病的防治技术进行了研究．共鉴定玉米杂交种和自交系１２７份，其中高抗的有５２份，占４１．０％；抗病的有４８份，占３７．８％。参加２～５年试验的玉米材料有３８份，其中对三种主要病原菌（串珠镰刀菌，禾谷镰刀菌和腐霉菌）抗或高抗的有２９份。抗病品种不仅比感病品种发病率低７３．９％～８４．３％，发病晚５～１０天，而且测产结果指出比生产品种中单２号、掖单２号依次增产９．８％～３０．１％和５．１％～３０．３％。玉米适期晚播发病率低。玉米与水稻轮作防治效果明显。因此。认为玉米茎腐病的防治应采用种植抗病品种为主的综合措施。本技术已示范２．５万多公顷，防病增产效果明显。

The control measurements of corn stalk rot were studied in 1986￣1994.The disease resistance of 127 corn hybrids. and self-bred lines had been evaluated,52 ofthem were highly resistant (namely 40%), and 48 of them were resistant (namely37.8% ). 38 stocks had beed evaluated for 2￣5 years. Among them,29 stocks were highly resistant or resistant to all the three chief pathogens(Fusarirum moniliforme,Fusarium graminearum and Pythiun sp.). When compared the resistant with susceptiblestocks,not only the percentage of diseased plants was decreased by 73. 9￣84.3% andthe date of disease first appearance was put off for 5￣10 days,but also the grain yield ofresistant varieties were increased 9. 8￣30. 1% and 5. 1￣30. 3% when compared withthe commercial varieties Zhongdan No. 2 and Yedan No. 2, the disease incidence waslower when the corn was planted somewhat later in proper sowing period. The effect, ofdisease control was apparant when the corn was rotated with rice. We propose that theintegrated management with resistant variety as the main precaution would be used.This management had been demonstrated more than 0. 38 million wu (namely 25 thousand hectares)and satistied disease control as well as grain yield increment were obtained.