正中神经返支的解剖学研究

Anatomical observation of rebound branch of human median nerve

观察了２００侧人上肢标本的正中神经返支．返支的起始分三型，其中起自第１指掌侧总神经为６９．０％；从腕管外发出的占６９．６％；从腕管内发出的占３０．４％．返支中１４．１％穿过腕横韧带；与桡动脉掌浅支有伴随关系的仅２５．０％．从肌肉近侧１／３进入鱼际肌的占返支的９０％，由１支返支神经进入鱼际肌各块肌肉的占５３．０％。提出正中神经返支的体表投影是从鱼际纹近。中１／３交点向舟骨结节尖与拇指近节指骨底桡侧点连线所作的垂线．为临床开展正中神经返支修复提供解剖依据．

Abstract We observed 200 rebound branches of the median nerve from human upper limb specimems.The results showed that the origins of the readed branch can be classified into three types about 69. 0% originated from the first digital Palmar common nerve, about 69. 6% originated from external carpal tunnel, and 30.4% from the internal carpal tunnel.There were 14.4% rebound branches passing through the carpal transverse ligament,about 75.0% rebound branches were not relative to the superficial palmar branch of radial artery.90.0% passing into the proximal 1/3 of thenar muscles.In 53.0% cases the hypothenar muscles has a single rebound branch. The results suggested that the surface landmark of the rebound branch of median nerve was the perpendicular line from between the proximal and middle 1/3 of the thenar line to the line beween tuberosity of scaphoid bone and the radial margin of the base of the first metacarparl bone.