国内火鸡体内霉形体的分离与鉴定

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOPLASMA FROM TURKEYS

从北京和呼和浩特市4个火鸡场的95只火鸡、50只火鸡胚和42份精液样品中分离到15个分离物,用国际霉形体分类分会推荐的生化、遗传学和血清学方法证明其中有两个分离物是两种霉形体混合物,共17株霉形体。所有分离物在无抑菌剂的培养基上连续传代5次未出现细菌形态、对毛地黄皂苷敏感、不水解尿素、DNA的G+C含量介于26-34mol％之间。生长抑制试验和间接表面免疫荧光技术的试验结果将其中的15个株分属于霉形体属的5个种,即鸡毒霉形体(Mycoplasma gallisepticum)4株、滑液霉形体(M.synoviae)2株、衣阿华霉形体(M.iowae)1株、鸡霉形体(M.gallinarum)和雏鸡霉形体(M.pullorum)各4株。其余2株也属霉形体属,但尚未鉴定到种。

Fifteen isolates were obtained and identified from ninety-five tur keys, 50 turkey embryos and 42 samples of the turkey semen collected from turkey farms in Beijing and Inner Mongolia through biochemical, genetic and serological methods recommended by Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Mollecutes, International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. All isolates formed typical 'fried eggs' colonies on agar medium and showed very small size and pleomorphic shape under microscope, in addition to filterability through 450nm pore diameter membrane filters. The organisms did not revert to bacterial form through 6 consecutive subcultures in medium free from antibiotics. The guanine plus cytosine content of the DNAs ranged between 26-34 mol%.These findings revealed that 15 isolates belong to class Mollecute, order Mycoplasmatale, family Mycoplasmataceac, genus Mycoplasma. By the disc growth-inhibition test and indirect epi-immunofluroscence technique, 2 of 15 isolates proved to be Mycoplasma gallisepticum, 4 M. gallinarum, , 4 M. pullorum, 1M. iowae, 2 mixed cultures of M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae. The remaining 2 isolates could not be assigned to any of the 5 species mentioned above as well as M. meleagridis. One of them seemed to be distinguished from all of the previously recognized mycoplasma species from turkey origin.