摘要
本文应用分支分析的方法探讨莴苣族内亚族的系统发育及分类。在分析比较现行莴苣族亚族分类系统的基础上，迭选出２２个代表属和２３个与该族系统发育有重要关系的性状，以Ｓｃｏｌｙｍｕｓ属为功能外类群，利用Ｈｅｎｎｉｎｇ８６程序进行运算，构建了莴苣族系统演化分支图。结果表明现存莴苣族内的大部分亚族是非自然的复系类群，必须予以修正。因此，莴苣族被重新划分为１０个亚族，每个亚族各代表一个单系类群。其中原有的７个亚族被重新界定分类范围，另建立３个新的亚族，它们是ＣａｔａｎａｎｃｈｉｎａｅＢｒｅｍｅｒｅｔＺｈａｎｇ，Ｓｕｂｔｒｉｂ．ｎｏｖ．，ＳｏｎｃｈｉｎａｅＢｒｅｍｅｒｅｔＺｈａｎｇ，Ｓｕｂｔｒｉｂ．ｎｏｖ．，和ＭａｃｏｔｈｒｉｃｉｎａｅＢｒｅｍｅｒｅｔＺｈａｎｇ，Ｓｕｂｔｒｉｈ．ｎｏｖ．。同时，给出了这１０个亚族的检索表和每个亚族所包括的属。最后讨论了全族的地理分布和系统进化。
The existing systems of a subtribal classification of Lactuceae Cass. have beensubjected to a critical investigation. A cladistic analysis of the subtribes was performedusing 23 characters from morphology,anatomy, palynology and cytology.22repersentstive genera sampled from within the whole tribe were considered the terminaltaxa;polarity of the characters is based on the functional outgroup(Scolymus)compari-son method.The analysis yielded 93 equally parsimonious cladograms,each 65 stepslong and with a consitency index of 0.53.The resulting cladograms chosen indicatedthat many current subtribes are the unnatural,polyphyletic groups,which must be re-classified in better defined monophyletic subtribes.Hence,a new scheme purporting toshow phylogenetic relationships of the subtribes was presented herethe tribe lactuceaewas redivided into the 10 tentative subtribes,each of them representing monophyletictaxa,Of the 10 subtribes 7 have had subtribal limits revisioned,3 are recognized as newsubtribes,namely :Catanachinae、Sonchinae and Malacothricinae. Further the key tothe subtribes of Lactuceae is given and,the genera have been assigined to each subtribe.Evolution and distribution of the Lactuceae are also discussed.
