贡嘎山地区的冰川水文特征

The Characteristics of Glacier Hydrology in the Area of the Gongga Mountains

贡嘎山地区气候温和，降水量充沛，冰川消融强烈。冰川融水径流模数为１００－１４５Ｌ／（ｓ·ｋｍ￣２），冰川融水径流深高达２００Ｏ－４５００ｍｍ。冰川融水径流的年内分配比较均匀，冰川强烈消融期的５—９月，冰川融水径流占冰川区年总径流的８０％左右；径流最集中的６—８月，占６０％左右。冰川融水径流的年内变化与气温的年内变化基本相一致，最大值出现在７月或８月。

The hydrological characteristics of glaciers in the Gongga Mts．have been revealed in re-cent years，based on the hydrologic and meteorologie observations in the glacier area of Gongga Mts．and Other observation in adjacent areas. In the investigated area characterised by a temperate climate， abundant precipitation and intense ablation the nourishment of icemelt water is about 55—60％of the runoff in the glaciated area, the glacier melt runoff modulus is 100－145 L ／（s. km^2 ），and the depth of glacier melt runoff is about is about 2000—4500 mm.The intra—annual vahation of glacier melt runoff which coincides with the intra —annual variation of air temperature is comparatively smooth. The amount of glacier melt runoff dur- ing the intense ablation season，from May to September，accounts for 80％ of the annual amount of runoff, that from June to Augtist for about 60％，and the peak value occurs in July or August.