汉坦病毒抗原性差异及其基因分型

ANTIGENIC DIVERSITY AND GENETIC VARIATION OFHANTAVIRUAES

用抗汉坦病毒单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）对汉坦病毒Ｂ７８株（来自病人血）和Ｒ１７８株（分离自褐家鼠）进行间接免疫荧光试验，以分析病毒的单克隆抗体反应谱，又用病毒免疫血清进行交叉中和试验，结果表明，两株病毒均具有双型（Ⅰ型／ＨＴＮ型和Ⅱ型／ＳＥＯ型）反应特征，但Ｒ１７８株基本上属于Ⅰ型。用汉坦病毒Ⅰ－Ⅳ型型特异性引物进行ＰＣＲ扩增，Ｂ７８株用Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型引物均得到特异性扩增，而Ｒ１７８株虽经重复扩增均未见特异性扩增片段。初步认为，Ｂ７８株和Ｒ１７８株可能是发生在宿主转换（野鼠→家鼠）过程中介于Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型之间的过渡型变异株，而这类双型病毒在自然界中可能比较常见。这对阐明汉坦病毒的变异规律及广谱抗原性毒株的研制具有一定的理论和实际意义。

he antigenicity and molecular characteristics of Hantavirus B78 and R178 strains,whichwere isolated from blood of a patient with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) andfrom lung tissue of Rattus norvegicus captured in an endemic area respevitively,were analysedwith serol9ogical and molecular methods.Using indirect immunofluorescent antigbody test(IFAT)with momoclomal antibodies (McAbs),it was found that both of them could react with group(or subgroup)-specific,Hantaan(type Ⅰ)-specific and Seoul (typeⅡ)-specific McAbsUsing cross plaque reduction neutralization test(PRNT)with rat immune seraboth B78 and R178strains could cross-react with HTN76-118 and A9(typeⅠ) ,and SEO 80-39 and R22(typeⅡ),consistent with that of IFAT.The above results indicate that both B78 and R178have a wide spectrum of antigenicity between serotypes of Hantaan and Seoul virses.Usingreverse transcription(RT)and polymerase chain reaction (PCR),it was found that B78 couldbe amplified by both type Ⅰ or typeⅡ-specfic primers but R178 could be amplified byneither of them.It is suggested that B78 and R178 strains might be transitional variantsof hantavirus which appeared during the host transfer,and similar antigenic variants might benot uncommon in nature.