华山新麦草同高加索鹅观草和糙毛仲彬草间物种生物学研究

A Biosystematic Study on Hybrids of Psathyrostachys Huashanica with Roegneria caucasica and Kengyilia Hirsuya

进行了华山新麦草和高加索鹅观草、糙毛仲彬草属间杂交，通过组织培养，成功地获得了它们间的杂种。杂种生长旺盛，形态上偏向母本。高加索鹅观草×华山新麦草及糙毛仲彬草×华山新麦草杂种Ｆ＿１染色体配对构型分别为：１７．０９Ｉ＋１．９４ＩＩ＋０．０１４ＩＩＩ，２３．５８９Ｉ＋２．１７０ＩＩ＋０．０２４ＩＩＩ。后期Ｉ均出现多极分裂。两个组合染色体配对结果表明，华山新麦草的Ｎ￣ｈ染色体组，同高加索鹅观草的Ｓ和Ｙ及糙毛仲彬草的Ｓ、Ｙ和Ｐ染色体组间存在很小的部分同源性，它们间的亲缘关系甚远。

Psathyrostachys huashanica was crossed with Roegneria caucasica and Kengyilia hirsuta. The adult hybridsplanta of these two combinations were obtained by mean of embryo culture. Although completely sterile,the hybrid plants developed rather vigorously, and were morphologically similar to their female parents.The chromosome configurations of R. caucasica×P.huashanica and K. hisuta×P.huashanica were 17. 09I +1. 94II + 0. 01 4III, 23. 589I + 2. 1 70II+ 0. 024III, respectively. Polypolar division was found at anaphaseI in meiosis of two hybrids. The chromosome pairing indicates that there is only a liule chromosomehomoeology between “Nh”genome of P. huashanica and“S”,“Y”and “P”genomes.