铜与锌对茶树生育特性及生理代谢的影响Ⅲ．施铜对茶树体内铜及其他矿质元素吸收的影响

Physiological Effects of Cu and Zn on the Development and the Physiological Metabolism of Tea Plants.Ⅲ.Effect of Cu on Mineral Nutrient Uptake and Distribution in Tea Plants

采用叶面喷施和土施的方法，研究了茶树对铜及铜对其他矿质元素吸收的影响。结果表明，土施ＣｕＳＯ４能明显提高土壤有效铜含量。茶树主根和吸收根对土壤有效铜含量的反应较敏感，可作为茶园铜缺乏或污染诊断时植物分析的适宜部位。施铜能明显提高茶树体内的铜含量，但铜的移动性较差，叶面喷施主要积累于成熟叶、生产枝和新梢中；土施则集中于吸收根和主根中。施铜对茶树磷、锌的吸收有不利影响，但能提高锰的含量。铜对钾、镁、钙、钠和铁含量的影响因施肥方式不同有异，叶面喷施能提高钾、钙、镁和钠的浓度，降低铁的含量；土施则抑制钾、钙、镁和钠的吸收，促进铁在成熟叶和吸收根内积累。

The uptake of Cu and the effect of Cu on the uptakes of other mineral elements by tea plants were studi-ed by means of spraying Cu solution to tea bushes and supplying Cu fertilizer to the culture soil.TheavailableCu content in the culture soil was significantly increased by supplying CuSO4 to the soil.The tap root and theabsorbing roots were the optimum organs for the deficiency and contamination diagnoses due to their sensiti-vities to the available Cu level in the soil. The Cu content in tea plants was significantly increased by sprayingCu solution to tea bushes and supplying Cu fertilizer to the soil.The Cu from the spraying accumulated mainlyin mature leaves,production branches and shoots,and from soil accumulated mainly in tap root and absorbing roots because of the poor movement of Cu in tea plants。The P and Zn uptakes were decreased but the Mn uptake was increased by supplying Cu to tea plants。 Contents of K, Mg,Ca,Na and Fe in tea plants varied with the difference of the Cu─supplying method.Contents of K,Ca,Mg and Na were increased but Fe con-tent was decreased by spraying Cu solution to tea bushes。Uptakes of K,Ca,Mg and Na were inhibited bysupplying Cu to the soil.The Fe accumulation in mature leaves and in absorbing roots was increased but thatin shoots was decreased by supplying Cu to the soil。